State and local licensing
Most states require a body-art/tattoo practitioner licence (some have a specific micropigmentation or 'cosmetic tattoo' category), evidence of training hours, a current bloodborne-pathogens certificate, and a registered, inspected establishment. Some states delegate almost everything to county health departments, so requirements can differ between neighbouring counties. A minority of states regulate lightly. Always verify with the health department for your exact location.
Pigments and the FDA
The FDA regulates tattoo inks and their colour additives as cosmetics. Historically it exercised limited enforcement, but the Modernization of Cosmetics Regulation Act (MoCRA, 2022) expanded its authority, and the agency has issued recalls over microbial contamination. Colour additives used in inks technically require FDA listing; many in use are not formally approved for injection.
Practical compliance
Hold a current practitioner licence and BBP certificate for your jurisdiction; operate an inspected facility with an exposure-control plan; keep records of every client, pigment brand/colour/batch/expiry and needle lot; carry insurance; and re-check rules if you move or guest-spot.
