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Mahjong Decoded
The directory

Mahjong variants of the world

17 rule sets, from Hong Kong parlours and Japanese professional leagues to Sichuan teahouses, Singaporean animal tiles and the American card — how many play, how many tiles, how big the hand, and how it scores.

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Rule sets

Want the three biggest styles side by side? See Rules compared.

American & Western

4
Tile illustration for American Mah Jongg Explained American & Western

American (NMJL)

United States

Winning hands come only from the National Mah Jongg League's annual card; the Charleston and jokers make it unique.

Players
4 (3 or 2 by special rules)
Tiles
152
Hand
13 (14 to win)
Scoring
Fixed values on the annual card
Signature
Annual card, Charleston, jokers
Read the full guide →
A 1923 Spanish rule book for Mah-Jongg American & Western

British Rules

United Kingdom

The rules developed by British clubs and writers from the 1920s, still played by some groups.

Players
4
Tiles
144
Hand
13 (14 to win)
Scoring
Points and doubles
Signature
Classical Western scoring
Read the full guide →
Tiles with corner letters and numbers made for Western players American & Western

Western Classical (1920s rule books)

English-speaking world

The doubles-based scoring of the 1920s Western rule books that introduced the game to English speakers.

Players
4
Tiles
144
Hand
13 (14 to win)
Scoring
Base points plus doubles, with a limit
Signature
Babcock-era rules
Read the full guide →
A 1923 Spanish rule book for Mah-Jongg American & Western

Wright-Patterson

United States military communities

A variant named after Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio, with its own published rules, still played in some communities.

Players
4
Tiles
Varies
Hand
13 (14 to win)
Scoring
Its own published hand list
Signature
Post-war American variant
Read the full guide →