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Mahjong Decoded
The directory

Mahjong variants of the world

17 rule sets, from Hong Kong parlours and Japanese professional leagues to Sichuan teahouses, Singaporean animal tiles and the American card — how many play, how many tiles, how big the hand, and how it scores.

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Rule sets

Want the three biggest styles side by side? See Rules compared.

Competition & Modern

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Tile illustration for Chinese Official Mahjong (MCR) Explained Competition & Modern

Chinese Official (MCR / Guobiao)

International tournaments

Published in 1998 for competition: an 81-pattern scoring list and an eight-point minimum. Used for world and European championships.

Players
4
Tiles
144
Hand
13 (14 to win)
Scoring
81 patterns, 8-point minimum
Signature
Skill-focused competition rules
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A mahjong area at a convention in Lausanne Competition & Modern

Tournament Riichi (international rules)

World and European riichi events

Riichi rules standardised for international tournaments, usually without red fives or with restricted optional yaku.

Players
4
Tiles
136
Hand
13 (14 to win)
Scoring
Han and fu, fixed uma
Signature
Standardised for fair competition
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Tile illustration for Zung Jung: A Modern Chinese Rule Set Competition & Modern

Zung Jung

Online and club play

A modern Chinese rule set balancing classic hands with clear, compact scoring.

Players
4
Tiles
136
Hand
13 (14 to win)
Scoring
Compact pattern list
Signature
Designed in 2006 by Alan Kwan
Read the full guide →